Mangistau and Mangiti

Abstract

The next important historical period in the history of Mangistau after the Oghuz and Kipchaks is the Golden Horde, the period of Nohili. In the second half of the 16th century, the Nogai Horde in relation to internal and external circumstances are divided into 2-3 pieces, among which were: the Great Nogai Ulus, the Youngest of the Nogai ulus Ulus and six villages, Gembicki Ulus. The founder of the Younger Nogai Ulus was a people who lived between the rivers Zhem and Zhaiyk, between Mangistau and Ustyurt, and in the poems was nicknamed «he San Nogai» («ten Nogais»). In тoporeals Mangistau and Ustyurt there are such names as Nogai, Nogayty, Nogaili, Orak, Mamai, Karasai, Kazi, Sarah, Kalau, Karaulek, Karashash, Manasi, Kuiken, Adil etc. No accident in Mangystau region is the habitat of the poetic cycle of poems «Yranny Kyryk batyrs» («Forty batyrs of the Crimea»). In the historical sources say that since the main bi (judge) Nogai Edige was a native of the tribe of Mangit, the people that he led, also became known as «Maritime». The article describes how the mangits lived in Mangystau, as well as their ethnographic cooperation with the representatives of the Younger Zhuz, namely with the adais, with whom they were under the wing of one Horde. Assumptions about the basis of the toponym Mangistau and the ethnonym Mangit are provided.