CUSTOMS OF THE KAZAKH PEOPLE RELATED TO THE BIRTH AND UPBRINGING OF A CHILD (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF EAST KAZAKHSTAN)

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the relationship between a two – legged woman in a traditional Kazakh family in the late XIX-early XX centuries, customs related to the birth and upbringing of a child and their genetic and cultural commonalities in comparison with other peoples of Turkic and Mongolian origin. To determine the degree of preservation and necessity of customs at the present time, to differentiate the influence of traditions and innovations in the Kazakh family. In the article, the analysis of customs associated with a double-breasted woman allows us to identify the criteria that influenced and affect the position of a woman in the family and society, raising or lowering her status.

The article is written on the basis of data collected by the author from among the countries and research on the topic. Based on the available data, we have divided the Kazakh system of customs related to a two-legged woman and the birth and upbringing of a child into three main stages: customs in the prenatal period; customs related to childbirth; postpartum customs. During the research work, we were convinced that the customs of the Kazakh people have continuity with the customs of neighboring peoples, including the Turkic-speaking peoples of Siberia and Central Asia. In addition, with the advent of these rituals, we have made a differentiation into their semantic meaning.

Keywords: Kazakhs, Ethnos, nationality, ethnography, traditions, customs, food, childbirth.