Жошы ханзада және XII ғасырдың соңы – XIII ғасырдың басындағы Ішкі және Батыс Азия тарихы

Аннотация

In the article “Prince Jochi and the history of Inner and Western Asia at the end of the 12th – begin- ning of the 13th centuries” the authors draw attention to the history of Western Asia in connection with the life and work of Khan Jochi. The history of the formation of the Great Mongol Empire is considered through the administrative career of a talented commander and politician Jochi. The life and career of Prince Jochi is closely connected with the historical events that took place in Inner and Western Asia at the end of the XII th – in the first third of the XIII th century. But in the minds of historians, his name was preserved in the name of the ulus, in which he never ruled.

The authors of the article draw attention to the fact that he was the first of the sons of Khatun Borte to begin a full-fledged political and military career. Having become the khan of the Northern administrative inheritance-ulus, he strengthened the people of the four tumens given to him. In accordance with the tasks of the northern khan, practically without military action, he brought to submission ethnic groups from the foothills of the Altai and Sayan to the Yenisei River. By this, he ensured a calm rear in the war of the Mongols with the Zsin Empire. After the Khorezm campaign, it was Prince Jochi who commanded the garrisons in the new territories.

He waged a long, purposeful struggle with the Khorezmshah Jalal ad-Din, who was defeated only by 1231 by combining the efforts of the Georgian and Armenian princes. He became the ancestor of a num- ber of khan dynasties: the Batuidids, the Sheibanids, the Erzhenid, the Tukay-timurids. The Jochid Khans determined the face of the civilization of Western Asia from the late Middle Ages to the XX th century.

Key words: Ulus of Jochi, Mongol Empire, Inner Asia, military campaigns, Chinggis Khagan, Kip- chaks.