SOCIAL AND LIVING CONDITIONS OF DEPORTED PEOPLES IN THE 1930S–1940S ( TURKISTAN REGION)

Abstract

In the Soviet Union, as a result of the policies of the totalitarian system and the repressive actions of the Soviet authorities, many peoples who fell under the regime’s wrath were forcibly deported to Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Deportations, repressions, property confiscations, and unjust persecution were widespread, and during the 1930s–1950s, nearly every family in the USSR endured severe hardships. The policies of the Stalinist regime inflicted injustice upon the destinies of numerous nations. Families of deported ethnic groups and entire peoples were resettled in various regions of the republic. One of the regions where such forcibly displaced peoples were settled was the territory of Turkistan Region. Having suffered the harsh blows of fate, the deported peoples were relocated to unfamiliar districts of the region. Research on the unknown pages of the history of forcibly displaced peoples is still ongoing, yet many issues remain unexplored, making this topic one of the most relevant and necessary for further study.

The main objective of the article is to examine the history and the social and living conditions of the peoples deported to the territory of Turkistan Region in several waves during the 1930s–1940s, analyzing them through the perspective of everyday life history.

To  achieve this goal, a comparative analysis is carried out based on memoirs, scholarly works, and archival materials concerning the adaptation of deported peoples to the new territories of the districts of Turkistan region.

The article presents new information about the social and living conditions and adaptation of migrants after deportation to the territory of the Turkestan region.

Methodology. The article uses such methods of scientific knowledge as analysis and synthesis, as well as chronological and statistical methods. The use of analysis and synthesis methods makes it possible to consider and characterize the processes of settlement, economic and household arrangements, and the legal status of the deported people.

Acknowledgment: This article was prepared within the framework of the grant funding project of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic «The Role of Family in the Social Adaptation of Deported Peoples from 1930 to 1950 (According to Turkestan Region)» (registration number: AP26103859).