ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES OF THE MIDDLE REACHES OF THE SHARYN RIVER

Abstract

For the first time, a certain region is studied in a complex, which provides a huge opportunity for a full reconstruction of the historical past. The article offers an analysis of the elite burial mounds of the Sarytogay tract known to date according to uniform criteria. The time period of habitation of the tribes of early nomads is important in the history of the peoples of the continent. This is the period of the formation of nomadic culture, the development of new socio-economic relations, and changes in religious and mythological ideas. This is a time of epochal changes in the territory of the steppes, semi-deserts and foothills of Eurasia, which determined the nature of a long historical period. It is the study of the culture of early nomads that makes it possible to trace the transformation of nomadic culture to ethnographic modernity. Therefore, the study of the era of the formation of nomadism and the emergence of powerful proto-state formations is the most promising, especially in Zhetysu.

In this regard, regional studies have recently acquired a special role in understanding the diversity of ethnic and ethnocultural processes. The study of a single historical and geographical region with its population can significantly deepen existing ideas and provide important additional arguments for understanding the nature of a particular ethnic group. The prospects of studying individual microdistricts have recently been confirmed by many scientists. First of all, this is due to the possibility of constructing chronological scales of individual microdistricts, the comparison of which, in turn, will allow us to obtain a broader picture of the socio-cultural dynamics of the development of ancient society and the features of the formation and development of cultural traditions of the sub-elite social group of the early nomads of Zhetysu. In this context, interest in the region we have chosen and in the comprehensive study is fully justified, given the cultural and historical significance of Zhetysu as a region in which the formation and functioning of early tribal unions took place, the rich history of ethnopolitical proto-states, the emergence and formation of the Kazakh statehood and nationality, the formation of an original traditional culture, conditioned by the uniqueness of natural and geographical conditions and cultural and genetic processes requiring comprehensive understanding.