Archaeozoological analysis of animal bone remains found in the medieval settlement of Kyshkala (based on osteomaterials found in 2021)

Abstract

Archaeozoological analysis of animal bone remains found in the medieval settlement of Kyshkala (based on osteomaterials found in 2021) The article presents the first results of research conducted in 2021 in the medieval settlement of Kyshkala. Detailed information about the life and economy of the inhabitants of the settlement is presented. In the course of archaeological research conducted in the medieval settlement of Kyshkala, an archesoological analysis of the materials found was carried out for the first time, information was obtained about the features of the ancient fauna of the Syrdarya region, the peculiarities of animal husbandry in the region, the habitat of individual animal species. The analysis of the bone remains showed that the residents of the city mostly often used pets. According to the analysis the bone remains showed that pets are mostly used in the residents of the city. Kyshkala mastered another profession such as horn processing. sources tell about the breedingDuring the archaeozoological study, it was found that 97.3% of the elements identified by animal species belong to domestic animals, and the share of wild animals is 2.7%. In addition, in the daily life of Kyshkalin residents, the presence of hunting was confirmed, a faunal analysis was carried out on it. The found horns of cattle, saigas, roe deer were processed, i.e. the residents of Kyshkala mastered another profession – horn processing. The main place in the economy of the urban population is occupied by small cattle (Ovis et Capra). Cattle bones (Bos taurus) predominate in the second place, horse bones (Equus caballus) are in the third place. As a result of the bone materials obtained from expanded clay, we see that the inhabitants constantly used dog animals in the medieval economy.

Key words: Kyshkala, Middle Ages, Syrdarya, Golden Horde, excavation, archeоzoology, ancient fauna, osteology.