On the titles in the state of the Yenisei Kyrgyzes Ichreki and Öge. VII-XI centuries

Abstract

This article attempts to study the state titles and positions in the state of the Yenisei Kyrgyz of Southern Siberia. The names of these titles are Içreki and Öge. During the Middle Ages, the Yenisei Kyrgyz had centralized authorities and local government administration. The state bureaucracy, system of government and titles of titles (epithets) were generally identical with the Turkic-Mongol nomadic states of Central Asia in antiquity and in the Middle Ages. At the same time, the Yenisei Kyrgyz management system had its own characteristics and differences, they are reflected in the names and functions of some state titles and positions. Analysis of state titles, posts and epithets to them, reflect a very complex and developed system of public administration among the ancient and medieval Kyrgyz. In addition, an attempt to systematize titles reflects the lexical (linguistic) basis of the origin and the area of distribution of these titles. According to our updated data, the medieval Yenisei Kyrgyz up to 1703 used more than 50 titles and various positions in the state administration system. They are mainly mentioned in the Yenisei written monuments, some parallel titles and state positions are recorded in Chinese written sources of the Wei (Northern Wei), Zhou, Sui, Tang, Song, Ming and Qin dynasties. Key words: Kyrgyzes, title, epitaph, Northern Wei, Tang dynasty, heavenly Turks, Tabgachs, Huns (Sünnu).