Early 20th century kazakh madrasah shakirds’ songs of social protest (Based on the materials of the Orenburg gendarmerie administration Fund of the early twentieth century)

Abstract

The relevance of the studied problem is caused by interest in a problem of reflection of political and ethno-confessional interests of the Kazakh people in poetic and song creativity of shakirds of madrasah of the Volga-Ural region.
This paper is also aimed to revealing reaction of gendarmerie officials to change in public consciousness of Kazakh youth and to the influence of Tatar advanced social thought to ethnic – consolidating processes of Kazakh people.
The principle of historicism was a leading approach for research of this problem, which requires consideration of any historical material in its dynamics, reveal as specific feature of each phenomena as factors causing it.
In results of research revealed ideology of gendarmerie officials which allowed them interpret speech and song discourse of Kazakh shakirds as dangerous for protected social order. In the paper also described the reaction of the conservative Tatar clergy to the processes take place among the progressive
progressive democratic Tatar and Kazakh Muslim youth of early XX century. Poems and songs of
advanced Kazakh youth expressing social protest to social reality of early XX century are considered as
the element of set of views from which Kazakh national identity was built.
Materials of the paper can be useful for teaching national policy at special courses of historical
branches of higher education institutions.