TERRITORIAL DIVISION AND HISTORICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL PECULIARITIES OF KAZAKH LAND (XVIII-XIX)

Abstract

The article deals with the history of territorial division and historical and geographical features of Kazakh lands. In addition, the results and consequences of 1822, 1824, 1867-1868, 1886, 1891 years of the reforms adopted by the Russian Empire, with the intention to conquer the Kazakh lands, are shown. The main goal of the reforms was the destruction of the Kazakh state, the creation of administrative-territorial divisions, the definition of borders and the full use of natural resources. In the research work, static data are provided on the division of Kazakh lands into administrative-frontier areas, and tables and maps showing the territories of the governor-general are given.
In this paper, historico-geographical features, nature, land, and economy of Kazakhstan have been studied in different ways. Information is given on the social situation and living conditions of the Kazakh people, who at the same time were engaged in cattle breeding and farming. In addition, the territories, borders and centers of oblasts, which were divided after the reforms, were considered