“Historical science of Kazakhstan has been experiencing a difficult period as well as that of the post-Soviet countries. Unity of views of historians in Soviet past interlinked by the communist ideology has disappeared alongside with the liquidation of the” (2019) Journal of history, 1(76). Available at: https://bulletin-history.kaznu.kz/index.php/1-history/article/view/548 (Accessed: 20 July 2026).